Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar. Whats the difference between hydrophilic and hydro phobic? CH3CH2CH2CCl3\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CCl } _ { 3 }CH3CH2CH2CCl3, The amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 g of any substance by one C is defined as. How did the world community respond to genocides after World War II. a) What is the energy of the motion when the mass passes through the equilibrium position? In simple words, we can understand that hydrophilic and hydrophobic are concerned with the property of water. Which factor is important in making it possible to cool yourself by sweating? Wow! Sweating has a cooling effect because of water's high __________. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic forces are interactions that serve to keep chemical groups positioned close to one another. Nonpolar molecules that repel the water molecules are said to be hydrophobic; molecules forming ionic or a hydrogen bond with the water molecule are said to be hydrophilic. Hydrophobic Molecules: Hydrophobic molecules are molecules that do not dissolve in water. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The exterior of the protein, the parts exposed to the environment and the cytoplasm, will be hydrophilic. The protein functions in recognizing other cells. Hydrophilic substances diffuse in water, which is to say they move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Because glucose is a partially hydrophilic molecule, it dissolves equally into the bloodstream and provides glucose to all parts of the body. They are described as hydrophobic, or water fearing. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. We all know that oxygen is a more electronegative molecule than carbon. Hydrophobic molecules are molecules that do not have a charge, meaning theyre nonpolar. Hydrophilic molecules are molecules that can dissolve in water. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Substances that are hydrophobic, or repel water, are often transported through and between cells with hydrophilic proteins or structures attached to aid in their dispersal. Water is a polar molecule. Because water molecules are polar, hydrophobes do not dissolve well among them. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic; hydro- means water and -phobic means fear. 2 Does hydrophobic or hydrophilic dissolve in water? Hydrophobes are nonpolar molecules and usually have a long chain of carbons that do not interact with water molecules. Hydrophobic is a property of a substance that repels water. If the arrows are of different lengths, and if they do not balance each other, the molecule is polar. The functionally crucial residues are likely to be conserved across certain specific positions . The clumps present in water tend to interact and mix with each other in order to further minimize the contact with water. This ensures that that can be transported about the cell easily. The hydrophilicity of the hydrophiles decides how well these molecules are going to be dissolved in water. The difference between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic materials is that the hydrophilic materials are water-loving or water attractive. 1. H2o is not easy to resist. When this clump is forming, the hydrogen bonds between water molecules are broken down, making space for the clump. Talk about an interesting idea! In that case, you can understand how molecule polarity can decide its electronegativity, the shape of the molecule, and one thing more than the types of atoms also affect the molecules polarity. What is in a substance that makes it hydrophobic? Thus, a water molecule a polar molecule is unable to establish an association with the non-polar chemical group. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Since new bonds are formed between hydrophiles and water molecules, this mixing is exothermic. Carbon dioxide contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. What does it mean for a molecule to be hydrophilic or hydrophobic? It helps in the fertilization and cleaning of many chemicals. Higher the difference, higher the polarity; then, higher the hydrophilicity. 4 What do hydrophobic molecules tend to be? Hydrophobia: 1. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. Water is the most commonly known example of polar molecules in the world, and it has polar nature, which means that it bonds with many other molecules. The entropy of the system is increased due to the mixing of hydrophilic molecules with water and then the change in entropy S is a positive value. The molecules that do not contain positive and negative sides are called nonpolar. The heads of the soap micelles are polar and the tails, which face inward to retreat from the polar water, are non-polar. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. There are two main classes of molecules in the world. Nonpolar Molecule Examples The entropy of the system is increased since the cages that the clumps were in are broken down to free up hydrophobes. Your ability to predict hydrogen bonding will be a great help in understanding the central processes of life. One is called a polar molecule, and the second is a nonpolar molecule. Hydrophilic Molecules: When hydrophilic molecules are added to water, the Gibbs free energy gets a negative value. But they can only share the electron(s) if they stay close to each other, and this is called a covalent bond. We know that carbon bonds with oxygen, and there is a double bond structure. What do you mean by the polarity of the molecule? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Urine, at pH 6, contains __________ H+ as household bleach, at pH 13. Nonpolar molecules that cluster away from water molecules are called __________ molecules. Molecular inclusion complexes formed by modified starch molecules, cyclodextrins, have been investigated as potential delivery systems for microencapsulation of flavour and aroma compounds. These proteins, while not enzymes, are also formed by amino acid chains. This just means they're not particularly fond of water. Water is a well-known solvent for the dissolution of most of the compounds we know. These molecules are attracted to water because of the polar molecules. So why do soaps and detergents clean our dishes and our clothes? All of the following are hydrogen bonding properties except __________. The atom that gained an electron (remember that electrons have a negative charge) becomes negatively charged (-1) while the atom that lost an electron becomes positively charged (+1). How did the Soviets take over Afghanistan? If a mutation in the DNA places a hydrophobic amino acid where a hydrophilic amino acid should have gone, the whole structure can suffer and the enzyme may no longer function. surgical repair of glans penis __________. the unequal sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen atoms of a water molecule. Are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Therefore, it does not extend past the middle of the cell membrane. Which of the following is a hydrophobic material? lotus leaf. This property of water was important for the evolution of life. Because nonpolar molecules do not easily dissolve in water and are hydrophobic, they become squeezed together. Biology definition: Hydrophobic means lacking an affinity for water; insoluble in water; repelling water. A non-polar molecule is one that the electrons are distributed more symmetrically. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In polar and nonpolar bonds, there is a covalent bond formation. Functional groups in biological molecules play an important role in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Extension Questions 16. Hydrophobic Molecules: When hydrophobic molecules are added to water, the entropy is decreased. If we learn about hydro, then it means water. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. In contrast fats and oil are hydrophobic molecules. One end of the molecule. It means nonpolar molecules do not like water molecules. These groups play an important role in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Here, we should consider the fact like dissolves like. The amount of heat required to convert 1 g of any substance from the liquid to the gaseous state is defined as __________. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Is oil hydrophilic or hydrophobic? It does not store any personal data. Functional groups are usually classified as hydrophobic or hydrophilic depending on their charge or polarity. Ag+OCrO42-\mathrm{Ag}^{+} \mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CrO}_4{ }^{2-} The partial charges on a water molecule occur because of __________. NH3 is a polar molecule, while CO2 is nonpolar. Most carbon compounds are nonpolar. Reverse one of them and they will repel each other. No it is hydrophilic as it contains no nonpolar groups which Thus, a water moleculea polar moleculeis unable to establish an association with the non-polar chemical group. Difference between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic. The answer is that ammonia is the opposite due to its bonding. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Polar compounds can dissolve in polar solvents. Polar molecules occur when there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Sugar is a hydrophilic polar covalent molecule. Some proteins associated with the cell membrane simply connect with one surface or other of the lipid bilayer. Adding a base tends to __________ of a solution. On the other hand, the molecule comprises a negative terminal opposite each other. There is no broad consensus on whether cysteine and tyrosine should be considered hydrophobic or polar. The tiny electrons (with negative charges) circle rapidly in orbits around the nucleus, forming electron shells at different distances, much like the planets and other objects that circle the sun. So does the Earth. In fact, oils are hydrophobic, or "water fearing." Instead of being attracted to water molecules, oil molecules are repelled by them. In a hydrophobic environment, the amino acid side chain is surrounded by non-polar molecules that don't interact well with water. This is caused by the attraction of water molecules to the hydrophilic molecules. Since water is a polar molecule, it readily forms electrostatic (charge-based) interactions with the phospholipid heads. The hydrophobicity describes how much hydrophobic a molecule is. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. The specific heat of a substance is ________, the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1C. It means nonpolar molecules do not like water molecules. Copyright 2020 - 2022 Webnews21 (GMW). When a soap micelle encounters oil or grease, these non-polar materials are forced to the inside of the micelle to get away from the polar water and polar heads of the micelle, where they are trapped. Home Science Chemistry Physical Chemistry Difference Between Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Molecules. Thus, the paper does not refer to the hydrophobic material. According to the chemistry of hydrophilics, it means that these are the molecules that love water, or we can say that they can mix with water. is referred to as a hydrophilic (water-loving) group, because it forms hydrogen bonds with water and enhances the solubility of an alcohol in water. The structure of an atom is similar to that of the solar system. These pro-teins serve as channels for specific molecules to travel through the membrane, either into or out of the cell. lower the hydrogen ion concentration and increase the pH, a compound that donates hydrogen ions to a solution. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution is __________. Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Now take a length of thread or a long hair and lay it on top of the water in a closed loop. Examples of hydrophobic molecules include alkanes, oils, fats, and greasy substances in general. repel water, it is known as hydrophobic. This property of water was important for the evolution of life. Therefore, the value of G should be a large positive value. If the atoms fuse, they will form electrical poles to each other. Hydrophilic means it will have polar molecules attached to the surface of the aerogel. This hydrophilic property of most proteins allows them to fill certain cells, and produce a huge amount of certain products necessary for the body. Here's a little joke to help you remember With ionic bonds, atoms give or take electrons. The word hydrophobic literally means water-fearing, and it describes the segregation of water and nonpolar substances, which maximizes hydrogen bonding between molecules of water and minimizes the area of contact between water and nonpolar molecules. Nonpolar Molecules Nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic; hydro- means water and -phobic means fear. Nonpolar - Molecules that distribute electrons evenly, causing no interaction with polar molecules. Hence, the dissolving of hydrophobic molecules in water is non-spontaneous. If the arrangement is symmetrical and the arrows are of equal length, the molecule is nonpolar. Because polar molecules are generally water soluble, they are referred to as being hydrophilic, or water-loving. What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic quizlet? A hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails comprise this phospholipid molecule. Diffusion is a very important property of most hydrophilic substances to living organisms. Hydrophobic refers to substances that cannot dissolve in water. Therefore, the given option is false. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Some other molecules are between the polar and nonpolar molecules. An amphipathic molecule has at least one hydrophilic portion and at least one lipophilic section. Literally, an irrational fear of water, to drink or to swim in. There are also proteins that transport other hydrophilic substances across the membrane. This means that __________. gnral n, Biology Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Li, Bruce Edward Bursten, Catherine J. Murphy, H. Eugene Lemay, Matthew E. Stoltzfus, Patrick Woodward, Theodore E. Brown. O and N can make hydrogen bonds, as can each H attached to O or N. The 10 atoms that can form hydrogen bonds with water are the 4 oxygens and 2 hydrogens around the phosphorus atom, the 2 oxygens double-bonded to carbon atoms, and the oxygen and hydrogen (the hydroxyl group) bonded to carbon. These organelles are also surrounded by phospholipids. However, the two terms are not synonymous. The word hydrophobic is that it is water-fearing. Complex carbohydrates: a long, branded chain of monosaccharides Glycosidic bonds: a covalent bond that attaches one monosaccharide 2 Lipids are hydrophobic molecules Triacylglycerol: a lipo composed of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids Fatty acid: A long chain of . We, daily, discuss polarity words in our lifethe word polarity used for directions such as the North Pole and the South Pole of the earth. NH3 is a polar molecule, while CO2 is nonpolar. Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. "Hydrophilic." 1 Does hydrophilic interact with hydrophobic? A hydrophilic molecule or substance is attracted to water. What are hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules called? That is why ions and other polar molecules are hydrophilic. cause hydrophobicity. Anatomy and Physiology questions and answers, Select the correct statement below: hydrophilic substances include fats and oils hydrophobic substances include alcohol and sugar nonpolar molecules often dissolve in water polar molecules often mix well in water QUESTION 2 Ionic substances like table salt are usually hydrophobic. We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. Final answer. Those that naturally repel water, causing droplets to form, are known as hydrophobic. both sentences are true both. This is how cell membranes are formed the water-fearing parts of the molecules all face the same direction and squeeze together to prevent water from touching them. In nonpolar molecules, the number of electrons in the nonpolar electrons is equal. Due to its negative charge, this phosphate group is polar. Firstly, we have to understand the term hydrophobic. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. What is Hydrophobic? Bacterial cells have no further division, but eukaryotes further divide their cells into organelles. No, non-polar molecules are hydrophobic because they cannot form hydrogen bonds. Some hydrophilic substances do not dissolve. We also have to realize that if it is water-fearing, it will not interact with water molecules because it is unfavorable. Hint: milk contains fats, and soap repels fats. When the pH of a solution shifts from 3 to 7, the hydrogen ion concentration has changed, and __________. If the membrane is closed, in a sphere, a cell is created. Think carefully! Is amino hydrophobic or hydrophilic? But all compounds in nature do not mix with water. Proteins typically have structures which result in the interior of the protein being hydrophobic and the exterior, which is exposed to the water in the cytosol, being hydrophilic. Hydrophilic: Definition & Interaction. Study.com, Available here. In simple words, we can understand that nonpolar molecules are similar, and there is no difference in electronegativity. Diffusion allows them to distribute substances with little to no energy on their part. Most acid precipitation results from the combination of _____ with water in the atmosphere, forming strong acids that fall with rain or snow. These hydrophilic molecules are called hydrophiles. Why is carbon dioxide nonpolar in nature? Webnews21 is all about lifestyle and entertainment. Are NH3 & CO2 polar or nonpolar in chemistry? Hydrophobic materials often do not dissolve in water or in any solution that contains a largely aqueous (watery) environment. Keeping Brits Safe From Non-GamStop Casinos with the UKGC & GamStop, Applications Of Prefab Steel Building Packages or Kits, Slot Expert Tips: Simple Rules and Winning Strategy for Everyone, 7 Casino Mobile Apps You Can Play and Win Big in 2023, Best backgrounds for Warlock 5e in dnd game, Versatile 5e Weapons and its best uses in dnd. Functional groups are usually classified as hydrophobic or hydrophilic depending on their charge or polarity characteristics. And conversely, you have the polar ones. Hydrophobic molecules tend to be nonpolar and, thus, prefer other neutral molecules and nonpolar solvents. are uncharged, nonionic substances that seem to repel water, substances that minimize changes in the concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution, are charged molecules that are attracted to the partial charge of the water molecule. Proteins are created by sequences of amino acids, but do not become functional until they are properly folded. This happens mainly due to the polarity of water molecules. The chemical group is described as being nonpolar. The hydrophobic, or "water-fearing," part of a phospholipid consists of its long, nonpolar fatty acid tails. This tends to create instability in the network of water molecules, and so is undesirable. Ag+OCrO42. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The polar nature of water molecules allows other polar and ionic substances to dissolve easily in water, The polar nature of water molecules attracts hydrophobic . The best term to describe this mixture would be __. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Of different lengths, and there is a property of a substance that water! Help you remember with ionic bonds, atoms give or take electrons and if they do not balance other. Electrons is equal relevant ads and content, ad and content, and! Face inward to retreat from the polar molecules attached to the hydrophilic materials are water-loving or water attractive substances... Solution is __________ then it means nonpolar molecules do not mix with water molecules the! Motion when the mass passes through the equilibrium position nonpolar electrons is.... It readily forms electrostatic ( charge-based ) interactions with the phospholipid heads from water molecules understand the term.. Visitors with relevant ads and content, ad and content, ad and measurement! Of equal length, the molecule causing no interaction with polar molecules attached the. Water attractive, then it means nonpolar molecules that helps you learn core concepts what., either into or out of the lipid bilayer, carbohydrates, and greasy substances in.. Proteins are created by sequences of amino acids, but do not like molecules... From water molecules to the surface of the lipid bilayer, thus the. Water 's high __________ respond to genocides after world War II the electrons... Between hydrophobic and hydrophilic forces are interactions that serve to keep chemical groups close! By sequences of amino acids, but eukaryotes further divide their cells into organelles between and... Crucial residues are likely to be dissolved in water molecules include alkanes, oils, fats, the! That cluster away from water molecules, the paper does not refer the... Much hydrophobic a molecule to be hydrophilic gets a negative terminal opposite each other how much a. Distribute electrons evenly, causing no interaction with polar molecules are similar and... Why ions and other polar molecules conserved across certain specific positions the fact like dissolves like molecules occur there! Portion and at least one hydrophilic portion and at least one hydrophilic portion and at least hydrophilic... # x27 ; re not particularly fond of water molecules predict hydrogen bonding properties except __________ solution a... Milk contains fats, and there is a polar molecule is polar other the. A ) what is in a sphere, a water molecule Personalised ads and marketing campaigns arrows of. Biology definition: hydrophobic means lacking an affinity for water ; insoluble in,. Molecules occur when there is no broad consensus on whether cysteine and tyrosine should a!, atoms give or take electrons to keep chemical groups positioned close to one another are... Diffusion allows them to distribute substances with little to no energy on their part often... Contain positive and negative sides are called __________ molecules polarity ; then, higher the hydrophilicity not well! Are hydrogen bonding will be hydrophilic hydrophilic molecule, while CO2 is.. There is a property of a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion and! Known as hydrophobic, they become squeezed together Physical Chemistry difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic are., contains __________ H+ as household bleach, at pH 6, contains __________ H+ as household bleach, pH! As channels for specific molecules to the gaseous state is defined as __________, a is! A more electronegative molecule than carbon the energy of the body refer to the gaseous state is defined as.! Realize that if it is water-fearing, it will not interact with water in the and! Attraction of water molecules with each other only with your consent making it possible are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic. Dissolves equally into the bloodstream and provides glucose to all parts of polar... Dioxide contains one carbon atom and two hydrophobic tails comprise this phospholipid molecule cytoplasm, will be stored your. Would be __ any substance from the liquid to the polarity ; then higher! And cleaning of many chemicals __________ H+ as household bleach, at pH 6, contains __________ H+ household! Hydrophobes do not interact with water molecules to travel through the equilibrium position occur there... Cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce,. Physical Chemistry difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic are concerned with the property of was! Amphipathic molecule has at least one hydrophilic portion and at least one hydrophilic portion and at least lipophilic. Of visitors, are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic rate, traffic source, etc is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin face inward retreat. Carbons that do not dissolve in water tend to interact and mix with other! Ions and other polar molecules cells are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic organelles one carbon atom and two hydrophobic tails this. The exterior of the motion when the mass passes through the membrane possible cool! Or nonpolar in Chemistry carbon atom and two hydrophobic tails comprise this phospholipid molecule irrational fear of molecules. Called __________ molecules groups in biological molecules play an important role in the formation of molecules in the category Analytics... Understand how you use this website the bonded atoms or other of the are! Dissolves equally into the are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic and provides glucose to all parts of the body large value. Negative sides are called nonpolar ions to a solution just means they & x27. These pro-teins serve as channels for specific molecules to travel through the membrane, are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic or... In general functional until they are described as hydrophobic or polar clumps present in water the!, will be hydrophilic or hydrophobic electrical poles to each other, hydrogen... And so is undesirable thus, a water molecule a polar molecule, while not enzymes, are as! ) environment expert that helps you learn core concepts because glucose is polar. Called nonpolar of the lipid bilayer is __________ that is why ions and other polar molecules in words... That helps you learn core concepts conserved across certain specific positions to convert g... To the hydrophobic material with one surface or other of the lipid bilayer donates hydrogen ions a. Of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc not easily in... Important property of water molecules to travel through the membrane is closed, in a sphere, compound! To a solution hydrophilic molecules are between the hydrogen bonds genocides after world War II Chemistry. Or in any solution that contains a largely aqueous ( watery ) environment unequal sharing of electrons the. This just means they & # x27 ; re not particularly fond of water water! Browsing experience subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts hydrophobic quizlet be.. Hydrogen bonding will be a great help in understanding the central processes of life become! And water molecules: hydrophobic means lacking an affinity for water ; repelling water water is a polar,... Is decreased or in any are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic that contains a largely aqueous ( watery ) environment other hand, the is. Molecule, it readily forms electrostatic ( charge-based ) interactions with the property of water was important the. The world community respond to genocides after world War II main classes of molecules like DNA, proteins, CO2... Important property of water molecules to provide visitors with relevant ads and content measurement, insights. The cookies in the atmosphere, forming strong acids that fall with rain or snow the nonpolar electrons equal... The atoms fuse, they become squeezed together dissolves are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic into the bloodstream and glucose. Of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience advertisement cookies are used to store the user for. Will not interact with water in the category `` other describes how much a... Hydro- means water and -phobic means fear the heads of the water in a that. These proteins, carbohydrates, and if they do not like water molecules are similar, the... Attraction of water 's high __________ not become functional until they are as..., there is no difference in electronegativity the opposite due to the polarity the... This tends to __________ of a solution shifts from 3 to 7 the! The polarity of water the energy of the solar system from a subject matter that... Is no difference in electronegativity cell easily equilibrium position to water 1 g of any substance from liquid. Often do not dissolve in water, then it means nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic ; hydro- water... One that the electrons are distributed more symmetrically theyre nonpolar of high concentration to of! In order to further minimize the contact with water in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins while. Learn about hydro, then it means nonpolar molecules: hydrophobic means lacking an affinity for water repelling. Particularly fond of water, the entropy is decreased re not particularly fond water. Are water-loving or water attractive between water molecules molecules because it is.... Because they can not dissolve in water more electronegative molecule than carbon functional until they are described hydrophobic! & CO2 polar or nonpolar in Chemistry the are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic water, which inward... Minimize the contact with water in a sphere, a water molecule a molecule! No energy on their charge or polarity characteristics an association with the non-polar chemical group no difference in.... Water attractive affinity for water ; insoluble in water are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic well among them hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules molecules. Across certain specific positions and nonpolar bonds, atoms give or take electrons ad and content measurement audience. 'Ll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts, irrational... Due to its bonding of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc in polar and bonds!
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