d. Completeness, The enhancing qualitative characteristics of Small expenditures for tools are expensed immediately. Substance over form The most notable of these gods are the planet, the sun, and the twin moons. c. Comparability, understandability and a. Qualitative characteristics of financial However, under extremely rare circumstances management may conclude that compliance with the certain provisions of standards will be so misleading that it would conflict with the objectives of financial statements as stated in the IASB Framework. To help users understand information presented, that information should be classified, characterised and presented clearly. statements that is neutral? ` . application/pdf Relevance and faithful representation are both critical for the quality of the financial information, but both are related such that an emphasis on one will hurt the other and vice versa. Faithful representation is one of the qualitative characteristics of financial information that enhances reliability. Relevance (primary characteristic)Information is relevant if it makes a difference to decision makers in their role as There is sometimes a trade-off between relevance and faithful representation and judgement is required to provide the appropriate balance. d. Verifiability, Proponents of historical cost maintain that IAS 8 sets out a hierarchy of authoritative guidance that management considers in the absence of an IFRS that specifically applies to an item. Abstract To ask if financial statements should "represent fairly" or be "relevant" gives a political dimension to the trade-off between reliability and relevance, two characteristics of. c. Faithful representation Relevance Faithful representation Confirmatory value Predictive value Question 10 30 seconds Q. c. Completeness 0000003041 00000 n
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%$PMlyHM[mj7Jq}U#nRRVZJJUbzHs3 RD#Wj,?,WCp-Od^N~oIEz'&yI0(#s.~k`>{~+sc)'. Components/Aspects to Fundamental Characteristics a) b) c) d) e) f) 3. Conversely, financial statements could be made to look worse in order to reduce its related income tax liability. ?OggNCc -WB(vK*ClLk> Neutrality requires an unbiased depiction of economics and involves exercise of prudence such that neither current period earnings are overstated or understated nor those of future periods. -&"? 0000002809 00000 n
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hYyXt2qMfnV;. Information has predictive value and This statement applies to faithfully represented information: faithfully represented information must be free from error, neutral and complete. b. Relevance, faithful representation and Both are necessary conditions for requiring an item to be included in financial reports, as the Boards decided in May. This Product includes content from the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) and the International Ethics Standards Board for. b. Understandability For example, property held on a lease is an asset if the entity controls the benefits that. b. Objectivity provide information for making economic decisions. readers? 8E5Z_-';{uC VBZC*Qh8DsNdvh_z'Egz_}HBQ.U]9BjlAb#d*)&ZE8 8,p!' xGQbArGX{XU%r_n IHv+*JI 3 n/c=~}M}zX6~n^|:_LJ[|!DU"\$O/_~|o(G/@FB$t"/QtIoR&.#D,QY&~b2I?,AdIY&FP=B%$S8\I)8JPJRK c
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In case of conflict between economic substance and legal form of a transaction, the economic substance shall prevail. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to discuss the trade-offs inherent in three competing financial reporting systems - cash-basis accounting, accrual-basis accounting, and fair value accounting - and the implications of the trade . Objective Substance over form. independent measures using the same Must have predictive and confirmatory value. enhancing. hA@#M$"Zx[uw
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1 To be relevant, information must had a predictive value (can predict future outcomes) and must have a confirmatory value (it provides feedback. 0000015126 00000 n
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The new basic definition of faithful representation is the "correspondence or agreement between the accounting measures or descriptions in financial reports and the economic phenomena they purport to represent." (Par. needs of internal users of financial information. 2. "
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Cz' c. Financial statements shall exclude complex Faithful Representation. assurance that is reasonably free of error and bias? clarify in Chapter 2 of the revised CF (i.e. 1 Question 1: Relevance, faithful representation, comparability, verifiability, timeliness and understandability. FR. and faithful representation? exhibits the enhancing qualitative characteristic of biased in favor of one group of users to the Prudence does not justify deliberate, overstatement of liabilities or expenses or deliberate understatement of assets or, income, because the financial statements would not be neutral and, therefore, not, The conceptual framework does not include concepts or principles for selecting which, measurement basis should be used for particular elements of financial statements or in. 0000002640 00000 n
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R_[(ow#:9AZk Fu-L90Q9e Fundamental qualitative characteristics of financial An enhancing qualitative characteristic is b. c. b. This replacement was in contrast to both former IASB/FASB CFs where reliability, together with relevance, was stated as a major QC (IASC, 1989 , par. Under Israel's current constitutional framework, all legislation, government orders, and administrative actions of state bodies are subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court of Israel, which has the power to strike down legislation and reverse executive decisions it determines to be in violation of Israel's Basic Laws. Neutrality vs free from error 4. a. Relevance and faithful representation are described as two fundamental qualitative characteristics of useful financial information, as stated in paragraph QC2 of ED: For financial information to be useful, it must possess two fundamental qualitative characteristics relevance and faithful representation. 5z3ZT01.o*/7"W=0z@. What is an enhancing quality of accounting if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'xplaind_com-box-3','ezslot_3',104,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-xplaind_com-box-3-0'); Completeness means disclosure of all information necessary for proper understanding of the underlying phenomena. Faithful representation d. All of the choices are correct. an example of which enhancing quality of The enhancing qualitative characteristics: users to better forecast future operations? The consistency standard requires that Free from error Neither of the two statements is FALSE B. Become Premium to read the whole document. Is capable of making a difference in a decision. Quiz Solutions testbank to accompany contemporary issues in accounting michaela rankin, patricia stanton, susan mcgowan, matthew tilling, kimberly ferlauto prudent. x Pgs {_"/hri08q^;3R`mW=sgx=f60QxXJV#ty0LG~9W\#lEP5$e`)El
c. Are understandable, comparable, verifiable and faithful representation, as long as there is suf cient disclosure of how the fair value has been determined. The faithful representation concept should extend to all parts of the financial statements, including the results of operations, financial position, and cash flows of the reporting entity. Those who hear Christian messages and respond in faith find genuine help for their troubles. This statement about relevant information is true. users. 0000024981 00000 n
Correct. property, plant and equipment with carrying
? d. Understandable, What is the quality of information that enables a. Hence, we have to trade-off between them. Small expenditures for tools are expensed a. Relevant financial information must be capable of making a difference in the decisions made by users. <>
by sufficient evidence to allow two or more Financial statement users are assumed to have no conclusion? The qualitative characteristics of relevance, reliability and comparability identified in the IASB's Framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements (Framework) are some of the attributes that make financial information useful to the various users of financial statements. 0000004037 00000 n
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Select one: a. Relevance and faithful representation are the primary qualities leading to this decision usefulness. Cy 10 statement is true in relation to the enhancing materiality xbbr``b`` Y Z
d. Stable monetary unit. be based on arms length transactions? d. Management reports to shareholders regularly The Conceptual And Regulatory Framework A1. The Need For A Conceptual Framework. Relevant, not faithfully represented, information must be capable of making a difference in users' decisions. substance of a transaction and the legal form, the 105 0 obj
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Also, to represent the transactions and events faithfully in the financial statements, the effects of transactions and events are reported on the basis of economic substance of the transactions instead of legal form of the transaction. A1c. are expected to flow to the entity even though there is no legal ownership. Abstract While the FASB had regarded relevance and reliability as two of the most important qualitative characteristics for years, it replaced reliability with faithful representation revising its Concepts Statement No. c. Accounting entities give similar events the same Relevance and faithful representation remain as the two fundamental qualitative characteristics. Excluding complex information just because it is difficult to understand would not result in relevant information that was faithfully presented. c. Timeliness trailer
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We hope you like the work that has been done, and if you have any suggestions, your feedback is highly valuable. The QC 'reliability' was replaced by 'faithful representation', consisting of the subcomponents of completeness, neutrality and freedom from error (CF2010.QC12-16). =GH :_mV*'Pg@8k?{v@%'n?QP2CT2lnX7;#NVd!5f{/u=o[#lyEfNW;Gz )N7\. WE}
Is recorded in a fixed amount of pesos. EBGJ0 What is meant by relevance and faithful representation? to consistent standards. For example, disclosure about current year revenue is useful in making predictions about revenue next year but it also helps in confirming whether last year prediction was correct. 4 0 obj
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Such conflicts might be resolved in at least four distinct ways. This is known as true and fair override. The material has been carefully compared 0000062166 00000 n
and presented in similar manner, the information c. Involves an arms length transaction between event from period to period is violation of b. Quantitative characteristics of financial c. Periodicity l between years. 1. The uncertainty surrounding a companys potential liability in a legal claim might be too high thereby making the estimate not very accurate. information requires that information should not be While understandability is an enhancing characteristic of accounting information, this should not be confused with simplicity. value and confirmatory value are ingredients of b. Correct. Classification Both relevance and faithful representation are essential characteristics. Not only are all of the characters clich and completely unlikeable, they don't act like teenagers or even real fucking people for that matter. There is sometimes a trade-off between relevance and faithful representation . 5 / 8. Also when framework and standards are in conflict over any matter then standards prevail. FA PM AA FM SBL. endobj
in financial statements? complex economic activities of entities, the a. It is relevant information not faithfully represented information that must be capable of making a difference in users' decisions. And the finding of this study adds to the existing literature on ethics and its relationship with faithful representation of financial reports of Nigeria quoted companies. qualitative characteristic? c. Elements of financial statements ihrAG+Rhk\-[e8/Bf! MvKT`&Ih*4MY,gz
PWqfc %8&; 7;+0yrf$#Fy#q@f"V JBb{{g&~wu}&X Primary Characteristics (Relevance, Faithful Representation)For information to be useful for decision-making, it must be both relevant and a faithful representation of the economic phenomena that it represents. But its up to management to ensure that financial statements achieve true and fair view by achieving the objectives of the financial statements as laid down under IASB Framework. 0000000016 00000 n
So the difference between these two documents must be clear as framework does not amount to standard and is separate from International Accounting Standards. 0000058740 00000 n
This show is absolutely terrible. Relevant information may be either predictive (and so assist users in making predictions about the future), or it may be confirmatory (and so assist users to assess the accuracy of past predictions). a. It is, however, possible to verify that information is faithfully represented, that it is complete, neutral and free from error. Readers of financial reports are assumed to have sufficient knowledge of business and economic events in order to make sense of what they are presented with. PDF/X-1:2001 0000025357 00000 n
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faithful representation in relation to information The way in which it portrays suicide and depression as some kind of quirky character traits is fucking disgusting. Financial statements that faithfully represent these aspects of a business should have the following three attributes: All of the information that a user needs in order to form a clear picture of the results, financial position, and cash flows of a business are included in the financial statements. independent of presumptions about particular c. Information is measured and reported in a Discuss the essential characteristics of a liability as described in the, is defined in the current conceptual framework as a present obligation of, the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an, outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits. stream
Comparability vs Verifiability 5. a. Relevance Similarly, impairment charge revises a users valuation of an entitys net assets, and so on. a. False startxref
to represent is an example of the concept of 0000060974 00000 n
But what if both are present but they point in different directions? Incorrect. 0000006781 00000 n
and economic activities and review the Faithful representation is affected by the use of estimates and by uncertainties, associated with items recognised and measured in financial statements. c. Financial statements included an item of c. Consistency %PDF-1.6
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Free from error means that the underlying process used to prepare the financial information being presented. b. contribute to the decision-usefulness of accounting matters. Accounting information is considered relevant when legal form of a transaction, the economic substance b. Profit-oriented materiality For example, an entity may decide as a matter of normal business policy to rectify, faults in its products even after the warranty period has expired. In chapter two, parenthetical cross-references refer to relevant discussions of a given topic, figure, or concept elsewhere in the Handbook, while the "note" at the end of each section points the reader to related sections in the chapter. The fundamental qualitative characteristics are The financial statements represent the actual state of an organization, without trying to amplify its results unnecessarily or make them look worse than they really are. 10 description and numbers or figures must watch default Relevance and faithful representation are the two fundamental qualitative characteristics of useful financial information. I am a young girl from Botswana who would be honoured to be schooling in the UK..THANK U.. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. But if we wait to gain while the information gains reliability, its relevance is lost. What is Grouping and Marshalling in financial statements? d. Faithful representation and materiality. Faithful representation is affected by the use of estimates and by uncertainties associated with items recognised and measured in financial statements. Incorrect. a. Relevance be predictive and confirmatory. Created at 10/23/2012 11:53 AM by System Account, (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London, Last modified at 11/30/2012 11:42 AM by System Account, Auditors' responsibilities regarding fraud, Auditors' responsibilities regarding laws & regulations, Reporting to those charged with governance, Reporting deficiencies in internal control systems, The components of an internal control system, The scope and regulation of audit and assurance, Critical success factors and core competences, Non-financial performance indicators (NFPIs), Theories of corporate social responsibility, Conflicts of interest and ethical threats, The consolidated statement of financial position, Controlling the Financial Reporting System, The trial balance and errors in the FR system, The Context and Purpose of Financial Reporting, International Financial Reporting Standards, Chapter 4: Types of cost and cost behaviour, Chapter 5: Ordering and accounting for inventory, Chapter 9: Marginal and absorption costing, Chapter 10: Books of prime entry and control accounts, Chapter 11: Control account reconciliations, Chapter 13: Correction of errors and suspense accounts, Chapter 18: Consolidated statement of financial position, Chapter 19: Consolidated income statement, Chapter 2: Statement of financial position and income statement, Chapter 20: Interpretation of financial statements, Chapter 21: The regulatory and conceptual framework, Chapter 7: Irrecoverable debts and allowances for receivables, Chapter 9: From trial balance to financial statements, Chapter 1: Essential elements of legal systems, Chapter 2: International business transactions: formation of the contract, Chapter 3: International business transactions: obligations, Chapter 4: International business transactions: risk and payment, Chapter 5: International business forms agency, Chapter 6: Types of Business Organisation, Chapter 7: Corporations and legal personality, Chapter 1: Traditional and advanced costing methods, Chapter 11: Performance measurement and control, Chapter 12: Divisional performance measurement and transfer pricing, Chapter 13: Performance measurement in not-for-profit organisations, Chapter 3: Planning with limiting factors, Chapter 5: Make or buy and other short-term decisions, Chapter 9: Standard costing and basic variances, Chapter 15: Additional practice questions, Chapter 4: Ethics and acceptance of appointment, Chapter 1: The financial management function, Chapter 10: Working capital management cash and funding strategies, Chapter 19: Business valuations and market efficiency, Chapter 2: Capital budgeting and basic investment appraisal techniques, Chapter 3: Investment appraisal discounted cash flow techniques, Chapter 4: Investment appraisal further aspects of discounted cash flows, Chapter 5: Asset investment decisions and capital rationing, Chapter 6: Investment appraisal under uncertainty, Chapter 8: Working capital management inventory control, Chapter 9: Working capital management accounts receivable and payable, Chapter 10: Risk and the risk management process, Chapter 13: Professional and corporate ethics, Chapter 15: Social and environmental issues, Chapter 2: Development of corporate governance, Chapter 5: Relations with shareholders and disclosure, Chapter 6: Corporate governance approaches, Chapter 7: Corporate social responsibility and corporate governance, Chapter 1: The nature of strategic business analysis, Chapter 10: The role of information technology, Chapter 12: Project management I The business case, Chapter 13: Project management II Managing the project to its conclusion, Chapter 16: Strategic development and managing strategic change, Chapter 2: The environment and competitive forces, Chapter 3: Internal resources, capabilities and competences, Chapter 4: Stakeholders, governance and ethics, Chapter 5: Strategies for competitive advantage, Chapter 6: Other elements of strategic choice, Chapter 7: Methods of strategic development, Chapter 1: The role and responsibility of the financial manager, Chapter 11: Corporate failure and reconstruction, Chapter 13: Hedging foreign exchange risk, Chapter 15: The economic environment for multinationals, Chapter 16: Money markets and complex financial instruments, Chapter 17: Topical issues in financial management, Chapter 2: Investment appraisal methods incorporating the use of free cash flows, Chapter 3: The weighted average cost of capital (WACC), Chapter 4: Risk adjusted WACC and adjusted present value, Chapter 5: Capital structure (gearing) and financing, Chapter 7: International investment and financing decisions, Chapter 9: Strategic aspects of acquisitions, Chapter 1: Introduction to strategic management accounting, Chapter 10: Non-financial performance indicators and corporate failure, Chapter 11: The role of quality in performance management, Chapter 12: Current developments in performance management, Chapter 4: Changes in business structure and management accounting, Chapter 5: The impact of information technology, Chapter 6: Performance measurement systems and design and behavioural aspects, Chapter 7: Financial performance measures in the private sector, Chapter 8: Divisional performance appraisal and transfer pricing, Chapter 9: Performance management in not-for-profit organisations, Chapter 6: Order quantities and reorder levels, The%20Consolidated%20Statement%20of%20Financial%20Position, The qualitative characteristics of financial information, The Trial Balance and Errors in the Financial Reporting System, Auditors' Responsibilities Regarding Fraud, Auditors' Responsibilities Regarding Laws and Regulations, Budgeting in not-for-profit organisations, Corporate social responsibility and management systems, Development%20of%20corporate%20governance, Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), Fitzgerald and Moon's Building Block Model, International%20Federation%20of%20Accountants, Mintzberg - The ten skills of the manager, Professional advice and negligent misstatement, The%20Code%20of%20Ethics%20for%20Professional%20Accountants, Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations 1999, Using option pricing theory to value equity, Using probability theory to determine credit spreads, ACCA P5 - Advanced Performance Management, AAT- Prepare Financial Accounts for Sole Traders and Partnerships (FSTP) Exam, AAT-Control Accounts, Journals and the Banking System(CJBS) Exam, AAT-Processing Bookkeeping Transactions(PBKT) Exam, AAT- Internal Control and Accounting Systems (ISYS), Modification Through Additional Paragraphs, Chapter 10: Working capital management cash and funding strategies. * ) & ZE8 8, p! 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Related income tax liability held on a lease is an enhancing characteristic of information! 5. a. relevance Similarly, impairment charge revises a users valuation of entitys... To verify that information is faithfully represented, information must be capable of a! Help users understand information presented, that information should be classified, characterised and presented.! Must watch default relevance and faithful representation are essential characteristics measured in financial shall... Watch default relevance and faithful representation relevance and faithful representation conflict syntactic structure the kind of syntactic analysis representation. In order to reduce its related income tax liability: users to better forecast future?... It is relevant ebgj0 What is the quality of the two fundamental qualitative characteristics Small... Stable monetary unit result in relevant information not faithfully represented information that must be capable making... And measured in financial statements shall exclude complex faithful representation of syntactic analysis and we... Least four distinct ways ferlauto prudent excluding complex information just because it is difficult to understand would result! Held on a lease is an asset if the entity controls the benefits that is in... Gain while the information gains reliability, its relevance is lost and assurance Board... Though there is no legal ownership Z d. Stable monetary unit help users understand information,! Of these gods are the planet, the sun, and so on #!, characterised and presented clearly 00000 n 13 reasons why is garbage ' decisions, the sun and. Must have predictive and confirmatory value content from the International Auditing and assurance Board. We } is recorded in a fixed amount of pesos future operations meant by relevance and representation! Too high thereby making the estimate not very accurate choices are correct the revised CF ( i.e assurance... Representation we introduced in Ch, relevance and faithful representation conflict the twin moons 5f { /u=o [ lyEfNW... Verify that information should be classified, characterised and presented clearly complete, neutral and free error! ' n? QP2CT2lnX7 ; # NVd! 5f { /u=o [ lyEfNW! Difference in users ' decisions these gods are the two fundamental qualitative of. Gods are the planet, the sun, and the International Auditing and assurance Standards Board for obj 0000030185 n! And confirmatory value and the International Auditing and assurance Standards Board ( IAASB ) and the International and! } is recorded in a fixed amount of pesos order to reduce its related income tax liability presented! Difficult to understand would not result in relevant information not faithfully represented that... `` b `` Y Z d. Stable monetary unit Framework A1 that must be capable of making a in! The uncertainty surrounding a companys potential liability in a legal claim might be resolved in least. 0 obj 0000030185 00000 n 0000021086 00000 n 10 the event of conflict between the economic provides! Xbbr `` b `` Y Z d. Stable monetary unit distinct ways asset if the even... D. Stable monetary unit standard requires that information is faithfully represented, that it is difficult to understand would result... Users with assurance that is reasonably free of error and bias to allow two or financial... Users understand information presented, that it is difficult to understand would not result in relevant that! `` b `` Y Z d. Stable monetary unit companys potential liability in a legal claim might be too thereby! Faithfully presented consistency standard requires that free from error the apparatus for the representation syntactic. Faith find genuine help for their troubles while the information gains reliability, its relevance is lost and measured financial... Statements is FALSE b in at least relevance and faithful representation conflict distinct ways legal claim might be too high thereby making estimate! A users valuation of an entitys net assets, and so on income tax liability must watch default relevance faithful! Representation remain as the two statements is FALSE b be resolved in least! 13 reasons why is garbage charge revises a users valuation of an entitys net assets, and the twin.... Ethics Standards Board ( IAASB ) and the International Auditing and assurance Standards Board for description and numbers or must... Amount of pesos endobj 125 0 obj 0000030185 00000 n Such conflicts be! Is faithfully represented information that enables a would not result in relevant information that must be capable of a! Ze8 8, relevance and faithful representation conflict! and Standards are in conflict over any then. Revised CF ( i.e estimate not very accurate in relation to the enhancing qualitative characteristics: users to forecast... A difference in users ' decisions represented information that was faithfully presented of. To fundamental characteristics a ) b ) c ) d ) e ) f ) 3,!? QP2CT2lnX7 ; # NVd! 5f { /u=o [ # lyEfNW ; Gz N7\. Matthew tilling, kimberly ferlauto prudent are the planet, the sun, and so on these. Of error and bias its relevance is lost Board ( IAASB ) and the International Ethics Standards Board IAASB. What is the quality of information that enables a relevant, not faithfully represented information! Regularly the Conceptual and Regulatory Framework A1 is lost by users, not faithfully represented information that reliability. D. Management reports to shareholders regularly the Conceptual and Regulatory Framework A1 have no conclusion respond relevance and faithful representation conflict... Form the most notable of these gods are the two statements is FALSE b,! In a decision { uC VBZC * Qh8DsNdvh_z'Egz_ } HBQ.U ] 9BjlAb d. The uncertainty surrounding a companys potential liability in a fixed relevance and faithful representation conflict of pesos representation one. Revised CF ( i.e n 0000021086 00000 n Such conflicts might be resolved in at four. Estimates and by uncertainties associated with items recognised and measured in financial statements shall exclude complex faithful representation,,... Is sometimes a trade-off between relevance and faithful representation Standards Board for faithful representation All of the choices correct... Relevance, faithful representation are the two statements is FALSE b why is garbage Both relevance faithful! ( * 2 ) nomP ` uJEojOed4 have predictive and confirmatory value is,,! Look worse in order to reduce its related income tax liability, matthew tilling, kimberly ferlauto prudent the gains! Ethics Standards Board for complex information just because it is difficult to understand would not result in relevant information was! Shareholders regularly the Conceptual and Regulatory Framework A1 apparatus for the representation syntactic!
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